Management of Oral Lesions

Oral lesions are abnormal growths, sores, or changes in the tissues of the mouth that can cause discomfort or pain or lead to more serious health concerns. The management of oral lesions requires accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and careful monitoring to ensure that the condition is appropriately addressed. At The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Center, P.A., in Hattiesburg, MS, and Laurel, MS, Dr. Clay Thames and Dr. Darren Alexander offer expert management of oral lesions, utilizing advanced techniques and personalized care for each patient. 

What Are Oral Lesions?

Oral lesions are any abnormal changes or growths that occur in the tissues of the mouth. These lesions can appear on the gums, lips, tongue, cheeks, or palate, and they may present as sores, bumps, or ulcers. Oral lesions can be classified into various types, including benign (non-cancerous), premalignant (potentially leading to cancer), and malignant (cancerous).

Some common types of oral lesions include:

• Canker Sores: Small, painful ulcers that appear inside the mouth.
• Cold Sores (Herpes Simplex Virus): Fluid-filled blisters that typically form around the lips.
• Oral Cancer Lesions: Growths that may appear as lumps, ulcers, or white or red patches, potentially signaling the development of cancer.
• Leukoplakia: White patches or plaques that may appear on the gums or tongue, often associated with tobacco use.
• Lichen Planus: A condition that causes white, lacy patches in the mouth, which can be painful or cause ulcers.
• Fibromas: Benign growths of fibrous tissue that may occur in response to irritation or injury. Contact us to learn more.

Causes of Oral Lesions in Hattiesburg, MS, and Laurel, MS

Oral lesions can arise from various causes, including:

• Infections: Viral, bacterial, or fungal infections can lead to lesions, such as cold sores or candidiasis (oral thrush).
• Injuries: Physical trauma to the mouth, such as biting the inside of the cheek or dental procedures, can result in temporary lesions or sores.
• Immune System Disorders: Conditions like lichen planus or aphthous stomatitis (canker sores) can result from an overactive immune system.
• Chronic Irritation: Smoking, ill-fitting dentures, or rough teeth can irritate the tissues in the mouth and lead to the formation of lesions.
• Cancer: Malignant oral lesions may be a sign of oral cancer, which requires immediate attention and treatment.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of certain nutrients, such as vitamin B12, folic acid, or iron, can lead to the development of lesions, especially in the tongue.

Diagnosing Oral Lesions

Accurate diagnosis is the first step in managing oral lesions effectively. The diagnosis typically involves a combination of a detailed medical history review, clinical examination, and diagnostic tests. Here’s how the process generally works: 

Clinical Examination

Our oral surgeons in Hattiesburg, MS, and Laurel, MS, begin by conducting a thorough clinical examination of the oral cavity. They will inspect the lesion closely to determine its size, shape, color, and texture. They may also check for additional symptoms, such as pain, bleeding, or swelling, which can help identify the nature of the lesion.

Biopsy and Histopathological Analysis

If a lesion appears suspicious or does not resolve on its own, a biopsy may be performed. This involves the removal of a small tissue sample from the lesion, which is then sent to a laboratory for histopathological analysis. The results of the biopsy will determine if the lesion is benign, premalignant, or malignant, guiding the treatment plan. 

Imaging Tests

In some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans may be used to assess the extent of the lesion, particularly if it affects the underlying bone or tissues. This is especially important for lesions suspected to be related to oral cancer or other systemic conditions.

Treatment of Oral Lesions in Hattiesburg, MS, and Laurel, MS

The treatment of oral lesions varies depending on the type, severity, and underlying cause of the lesion. The primary goal is to relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and promote healing. Below are the key treatment options for managing different types of oral lesions:

Conservative Management

Conservative management may be sufficient for many benign oral lesions. This includes:

• Topical Medications: Over-the-counter or prescription topical treatments, such as corticosteroid gels or ointments, can help reduce inflammation and promote healing.
• Saltwater Rinses: Rinsing with warm salt water can soothe sore tissues and help prevent infection.
• Avoiding Irritants: For lesions caused by irritation or injury, it is important to avoid further trauma by using soft-bristled toothbrushes and avoiding spicy or acidic foods.

Surgical Intervention

Medications for Viral Lesions

For lesions caused by viral infections, such as herpes simplex (cold sores), antiviral medications can help reduce the severity and duration of the lesion. Topical creams or oral medications like acyclovir may be prescribed.

Nutritional Support

If an oral lesion is linked to nutritional deficiencies, dietary changes or supplements may be recommended to restore normal levels of vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamin B12, iron, or folic acid.

Preventing Oral Lesions

While it may not always be possible to prevent oral lesions, there are several measures that can reduce the risk of developing them or help manage them effectively:

• Good Oral Hygiene: Brushing and flossing regularly can prevent infections and reduce the risk of lesions caused by gum disease.
• Avoid Tobacco: Smoking and chewing tobacco can irritate the oral tissues and increase the risk of developing oral cancer or other lesions.
• Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals supports the immune system and promotes oral health.
• Regular Dental Check-Ups: Routine visits to the dentist can help identify early signs of oral lesions and allow for timely intervention.
• Managing Stress: Stress can trigger canker sores or exacerbate conditions like lichen planus. Managing stress through relaxation techniques may help reduce outbreaks.

When to Seek Professional Help

It is important to seek professional care if:

• A lesion does not heal after two weeks
• The lesion is persistent, painful, or growing
• You experience difficulty eating, speaking, or swallowing
• The lesion is accompanied by swollen lymph nodes or other systemic symptoms
• The lesion has unusual characteristics, such as being hard, white, or red

Conclusion

Oral lesions can range from minor irritations to signs of more serious conditions, including oral cancer. At The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Center, P.A., in Hattiesburg, MS, and Laurel, MS, Dr. Clay Thames and Dr. Darren Alexander are dedicated to providing comprehensive diagnosis and treatment for all types of oral lesions. Advanced techniques, such as biopsy, laser therapy, and surgical excision, ensure that each patient receives personalized care for the best possible outcomes. Regular dental visits, timely intervention, and proper management are key to maintaining oral health and preventing complications from oral lesions. 

Experience exceptional oral surgery care at The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Center, P.A., Visit us at our Hattiesburg office, located at 6284 US Highway 98, Hattiesburg, MS 39402, or our Laurel office at 325 South 13th Avenue, Laurel, MS 39440. You can also call our Hattiesburg office at (601) 271-2356 or our Laurel office at (601) 425-2356. From dental implants to wisdom teeth removal, our experienced team is ready to restore your smile — schedule your appointment today!